Private Judgment

"Each mind naturally is self-willed, self-dependent, self-satisfied; and, except so far as grace has subdued it, its first impulse is to rebel. ... The intellect of man is active and independent: he forms opinions about everything; he feels no deference for another's opinion, except in proportion as he thinks that that other is more likely than he to be right; and he never absolutely sacrifices his own opinion, except when he is sure that that other knows for certain. He is sure that God knows; therefore...he sacrifices his opinion to the Word of God, speaking through His Church." - John Henry Cardinal Newman